It is planned to carry out measurements on emission of pollutants into the atmosphere from the used vehicles in the capital. The remarkable thing is that these works will be carried out for the first time in the last 10 years. Measurements will be taken in all the streets of Moscow during two years in a mode of weekly and daily monitoring.

Based on these data, the specialists will also prepare forecast for emissions growth until 2030. According to information provided by the Department of Environmental Protection it is planned to spend more than 14.5 million roubles on the study.

Calculation of pollutants will be produced by the amount of nitrogen content, ammonia, sulphur, lead compounds, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and other substances in the air. Data will be collected during the road traffic on the roads and streets. Special attention will also be paid to exudates on heating and starting the engine after parking.

Substances that come from buses, trucks (3.5 and 12 tonnes) and passenger cars (3.5 tons) are also subject to the assessment. Vehicles with diesel and petrol engines shall be set in the separate category. It is supposed to investigate traffic flows across the road network.

Monitoring will be conducted during the day, the week, and on weekends and weekdays. Some areas may be allocated to the category of “basic” – then their study will be conducted in more detail.

Experts note that the last such survey was conducted 10 years ago. During this period, the composition of the fleet has changed dramatically; the same can be said of the motor fuel, traffic congestion and their length. In view of this, the available data can be regarded as completely obsolete.

The study will be carried out from 2011 to 2016. Such dynamics allow experts to predict further developments until 2030. According to the data provided, at the moment there are more than 5 million cars and 7,000 buses in Moscow.

State ecological monitoring system of Moscow notes that in 2004, 1.6-1.7 mg / m³ hydrocarbons was contained in the atmosphere in residential areas located away from roads. Near highways this figure stands at 1.7-1.9 mg / m³. According to regulations of the Russian Federation it is also noted that the air must be free of total hydrocarbons.

Given the fact that over the last 12 years the motorisation in the capital has increased by 60%, the level of pollution should also be increased. Preliminary calculations showed that the nitrogen dioxide pollution is increasing annually by 3-5%. And these figures are very difficult to neutralise.

It shall be recalled that from 1 September of the next year, trucks with the engine below the “Euro-2” must not appear within the MKAD (Ring Road). Additional restrictions apply to the TTK (Third Ring Road), where the trucks with the engine below the “Euro-3» will not be able to enter. That is, the prohibition will be applied to approximately 300,000 trucks.

At the same time, from 1 January, fuel below the “Euro-3” disappeared at the filling stations of Russia. Speaking of Moscow, it has completely passed to the standard “Euro-4”. Today, more than 12,000 buses in the capital use fuel “Euro-5”. Authorities also discuss the dependence of tax (vehicle tax) from the existing environmental class. But this project is in the developmental stage.

M. Blinkin, director of the Institute of Transport Economics, said that there is the trend in recent years in the purchase by Moscow citizens of “Euro-4” and “Euro-5” vehicles. They also pollute the environment, but it can be neglected.

Dust on roads adversely affects the atmosphere and therefore the health of people. The study showed that studded tires destroy the asphalt covering. This leads to the fact that during the winter, more than 400 thousand tons of such particles rise in the air. Accordingly, it only shows the need to introduce new standards for studded tires, use some other types.

The fact of extra dusty in recent years in the capital is confirmed by G. Morozova, the head of the Urban Society for the Protection of Nature. She noted that the monitoring should be carried out at one site at different times of the year and under different weather conditions. In this case, you can get a full picture of the situation.

Representatives of the Moscow City Duma clarify that it is also necessary to study the effect of pollutants on human health, and not only on the atmosphere. The excess of one or other value does not always lead to disease. Similar studies have not been yet carried out, although their importance is impossible to underestimate.